Category Archives: Development

Phil 5.9.16

7:00 – 4:00 VTX

Started the paper describing the slider interface
TF-IDF today!
- Read docs from web and PDF
- Calculate the rank
- Create matrix of terms and documents, weighted by occurrence.
Hmm. What I’m actually looking for is the lowest-occurring terms within a document that occur over the largest number of documents. I’ve used this page as a starting point. After flailing for many hours in java, I wound up walking through the algorithm in Excel and I think I’ve got it. This is the spreadsheet that embodies my delusional thinking ATM.

Phil 5.6.16

7:00 – 4:00 VTX

Today’s shower thought is to compare the variance of the difference of two (unitized) rank matrices. The maximum difference would be (matrix size), so we do have a scale. If we assume a binomial distribution (there are many ways to be slightly different, only two ways to be completely different), then we can use a binomial (one tailed?) distribution centered on zero and ending at (matrix size). That should mean that I can see how far one item is from the other? But it will be withing the context of a larger distribution (all zeros vs all ones)…
Before going down that rabbit hole, I decided to use the bootstrap method just to see if the concept works. It looks mostly good.
- Verified that scaling a low-ranked item (ACLED) by 10 has less impact than scaling the highest ranking item (P61) by 1.28.
- Set the stats text to red if it’s outside 1 SD and green if it’s within.
- I think the terms can be played around with more because the top one (Pertinence) gets ranked at .436, while P61 has a rank of 1.
- There are some weird issues with the way the matrix recalculates. Some states are statistically similar to others. I think I can do something with the thoughts above, but later.
There seems to be a bug calculating the current mean when compared to the unit mean. It may be that the values are so small? It’s occasional….
Got the ‘top’ button working.
And that’s it for the week…

Oh yeah – Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Motorcycle Safety Gear

Phil 5.5.16

7:00 – 5:30 VTX

Continuing An Introduction to the Bootstrap.
This helped a lot. I hope it’s right…
Had a thought about how to build the Bootstrap class. Build it using RealVector and then use Interface RealVectorPreservingVisitor to do whatever calculation is desired. Default methods for Mean, Median, Variance and StdDev. It will probably need arguments for max iteration and epsilon.
Didn’t do that at all. Wound up using ArrayRealVector for the population and Percentile to hold the mean and variance values. I can add something else later
I think to capture how the centrality affects the makeup of the data in a matrix. I think it makes sense to use the normalized eigenvector to multiply the counts in the initial matrix and submit that population (the whole matrix) to the Bootstrap
Meeting with Wayne? Need to finish tool updates though.
Got bogged down in understanding the Percentile class and how binomial distributions work.
Built and then fixed a copy ctor for Labled2DMatrix.
Testing. It looks ok, but I want to try multiplying the counts by the eigenVec. Tomorrow.

Phil 5.3.16

7:00 – 3:30 VTX

Out riding, I realized that I could have a column called ‘counts’ that would add up the total number of ‘terms per document’ and ‘documents per terms ‘. Unitizing the values would then show the number of unique terms per document. That’s useful, I think.
Helena pointed to an interesting CHI 2016 site. This is sort of the other side of extracting pertinence from relevant data. I wonder where they got their data from?
- Found it!. It’s in a public set of Google docs, in XML and JSON formats. I found it by looking at the GitHub home page. In the example code there was this structure:
```
source: {
    gdocId: '0Ai6LdDWgaqgNdG1WX29BanYzRHU4VHpDUTNPX3JLaUE',
    tables: "Presidents"
  }
```
  That gave me a hint of what to look for in the document source of the demo, where I found this:
```
var urlBase = 'https://ca480fa8cd553f048c65766cc0d0f07f93f6fe2f.googledrive.com/host/0By6LdDWgaqgNfmpDajZMdHMtU3FWTEkzZW9LTndWdFg0Qk9MNzd0ZW9mcjA4aUJlV0p1Zk0/CHI2016/';
```
  And that’s the link from above.
- There appear to be other useful data sets as well. For example, there is an extensive CHI paper database sitting behind this demo.
- So this makes generalizing the PageRank approach much more simple since it looks like I can pull the data down pretty simply. In my case I think the best thing would be to write small apps that pull down the data and build Excel spreadsheets that are read in by the tool for now.
Exporting a new data set from Atlas. Done and committed. I need to do runs before meeting with Wayne.
Added Counts in and refactored a bit.
I think I want a list of what a doc or term is directly linked to and the number of references. Addid the basics. Wiring up next. Done! But now I want to click on an item in the counts list and have it be selected? Or at least highlighted?
Stored the new version on dropbox: https://www.dropbox.com/s/92err4z2posuaa1/LMN.zip?dl=0
Meeting with Wayne
- There’s some bug with counts. Add it to the WeightedItem.toString() and test.
- Add a ‘move to top’ button near the weight slider that adds just enough weight to move the item to the top of the list. This could be iterative?
- Add code that compares the population of ranks with the population of scaled ranks. Maybe bootstrapping? Apache Commons Math has KolmogorovSmirnovTest, which has public double kolmogorovSmirnovTest(double[] x, double[] y, boolean strict), which looks promising.
Added ability to log out of the rating app.

Phil 4.29.16

7:00 – 5:00 VTX

Expense reports and timesheets! Done.
Continuing Informed Citizenship in a Media-Centric Way of Life
- The pertinence interface may be an example of a UI affording the concept of monitorial citizenship.
  - Page 219: The monitorial citizen, in Schudson’s (1998) view, does environmental surveillance rather than gathering in-depth information. By implication, citizens have social awareness that spans vast territory without having in-depth understanding of specific topics. Related to the idea of monitorial instead of informed citizenship, Pew Center (2008) data identified an emerging group of young (18–34) mobile media users called news grazers. These grazers ind what they need by switching across media platforms rather than waiting for content to be served.
- Page 222: Risk as Feelings. The abstract is below. There is an emotional hacking aspect here that traditional journalism has used (heuristically?) for most(?) of its history.
  - Virtually all current theories of choice under risk or uncertainty are cognitive and consequentialist. They assume that people assess the desirability and likelihood of possible outcomes of choice alternatives and integrate this information through some type of expectation-based calculus to arrive at a decision. The authors propose an alternative theoretical perspective, the risk-as-feelings hypothesis, that highlights the role of affect experienced at the moment of decision making. Drawing on research from clinical, physiological, and other subfields of psychology, they show that emotional reactions to risky situations often diverge from cognitive assessments of those risks. When such divergence occurs, emotional reactions often drive behavior. The risk-as-feelings hypothesis is shown to explain a wide range of phenomena that have resisted interpretation in cognitive–consequentialist terms.
- At page 223 – Elections as the canon of participation
Working on getting tables to sort – Done
Loading excel file -done
Calculating – done
Using weights -done
Reset weights – done
Saving (don’t forget to add sheet with variables!) – done
Wrapped in executable – done
Uploading to dropbox. Wow – the files with JavaFX are *much* bigger than Swing.

Phil 4.28.16

7:00 – 5:00 VTX

Reading Informed Citizenship in a Media-Centric Way of Life
- Jessica Gall Myrick
- This is a bit out of the concentration of the thesis, but it addresses several themes that relate to system and social trust. And I’m thinking that behind these themes of social vs. system is the Designer’s Social Trust of the user. Think of it this way: If the designer has a high Social Trust intention with respect to the benevolence of the users, then a more ‘human’ interactive site may result with more opportunities for the user to see more deeply into the system and contribute more meaningfully. There is risks in this, such as hellish comment sections, but also rewards (see the YouTube comments section for The Idea Channel episodes). If the designer has a System Trust intention with respect to say, the reliability of the user watching ads, then different systems get designed that learns to generate click-bait using neural networks such as clickotron). Or, closer to home, Instagram might decide to curate a feed for you without affordances to support changing of feed options. The truism goes ‘If you’re not paying, then you’re the product’. And products aren’t people. Products are systems.
- Page 218: Graber (2001) argues that researchers oten treat the information value of images as a subsidiary to verbal information, rather than having value themselves. Slowly, studies employing visual measures and examining how images facilitate knowledge gain are emerging (Grabe, Bas, & van Driel, 2015; Graber, 2001; Prior, 2014). In a burgeoning media age with citizens who overwhelmingly favor (audio)visually distributed information, research momentum on the role of visual modalities in shaping informed citizenship is needed. Paired with it, reconsideration of the written word as the preeminent conduit of information and rational thought are necessary.
  - The rise of infographics makes me believe that it’s not image and video per se, but clear information with low cognitive load.
————————–
Bob had a little trouble with inappropriate and unclear identity, as well as education, info and other
Got tables working for terms and docs.
Got callbacks working from table clicks
Couldn’t get the table to display. Had to use this ugly hack.
Realized that I need name, weight and eigenval. Sorting is by eigenval. Weight is the multiplier of the weights in a row or column associated with a term or document. Mostly done.

Phil 4.25.16

5:30 – 4:00 VTX

Saw this on Twitter about visualizing networks with D3
Working my way through the JavaFX tutorial. It is a lot like a blend of Flex and a rethought Swing. Nice, actually…
Here is the list of stock components
Starting with the ope file dialog – done.
Yep, there’s a spinner. And here’s dials and knobs
And here’s how to do a word cloud.
Here’s a TF-IDF implementation in JAVA. Need to build some code that reads in from our ‘negative match’ ‘positive match’ results and start to get some data driven terms
Tregex is a utility for matching patterns in trees, based on tree relationships and regular expression matches on nodes (the name is short for “tree regular expressions”). Tregex comes with Tsurgeon, a tree transformation language. Also included from version 2.0 on is a similar package which operates on dependency graphs (class SemanticGraph, calledsemgrex).
Semgrex
Sprint review
- Google CSEs
  - Switched over from my personal CSEs to Vistronix CSEs
  - Added VCS rep for CSEs
  - Figured out how to save out and load CSE from XML
  - Added a few more CSEs ONLY_NET, MOBY_DICK
  - Wrote up care and feeding document for Confluence
  - Added blacklists
- Rating App
  - Re-rigged the JPA classes to be Ontology-agnostic Version 2 of nearly everything)
  - Upped my JQL game to handle SELECT IN WHERE precompiled queries
  - Reading in VA and PA data now
  - Added the creation of a text JSON object that formalizes the rating of a flag
  - Got hooked up to the Talend DB!!!
  - Deployed initial version(s)
  - Added backlink logging using SemRush
- Future work
  - Developed Excel ingest
  - Still working on PDF and Word ingest

Phil 4.22.16

7:00 – 4:30 VTX

Had a thought going to sleep last night that it would be interesting to see the difference between a ‘naive’ ranking based on the number of quotes vs. PageRank. Pretty much as soon as I got up, I pulled down the spreadsheet and got the lists. It’s in the previous post, but I’ll pot them here too:
- Sorted from most to least quotes
  P61: A Survey on Assessment and Ranking Methodologies for User-Generated Content on the Web.pdf
  P13: The Egyptian Blogosphere.pdf
  P10: Sensing_And_Shaping_Emerging_Conflicts.pdf
  P85: Technology Humanness and Trust-Rethinking Trust in Technology.pdf
  P 5: Saracevic_relevance_75.pdf
  P 1: Social Media and Trust during the Gezi Protests in Turkey.pdf
  P77: The Law of Group Polarization.pdf
  P43: On the Accuracy of Media-based Conflict Event Data.pdf
  System Trust
  P37: Security-control methods for statistical databases – a comparative study.pdf
- Sorted on Page Rank eigenvector
  P85: Technology Humanness and Trust-Rethinking Trust in Technology.pdf
  System Trust
  Social Trust
  P61: A Survey on Assessment and Ranking Methodologies for User-Generated Content on the Web.pdf
  P84: What is Trust_ A Conceptual Analysis–AMCIS-2000.pdf
  P 1: Social Media and Trust during the Gezi Protests in Turkey.pdf
  Credibility Cues
  P13: The Egyptian Blogosphere.pdf
  P10: Sensing_And_Shaping_Emerging_Conflicts.pdf
  P82: The ‘like me’ framework for recognizing and becoming an intentional agent.pdf
To me it’s really interesting how much better the codes are mixed in to the results. I actually thought it could be the other way, since the codes are common across many papers. Also, the concepts of System Trust, Social Trust and Credibility Cues very much became a central point in my mind as I worked through the papers.
A second thought, which is the next step in the research, is to see ho weighting affects relationships. Right now, the the papers and codes are weighted by the number of quotes. What happens when all the weights are normalized (set to 1.0)?. And then there is the setup of the interactivity. With zero optimizations, this took 4.2 seconds to calculate on a modern laptop. Not sliderbar rates, but change a (some?) values and click a ‘run’ button.
So, moving forward, the next steps are to create the Swing App that will:
- read in a spreadsheet (xls and xlsx)
- Write out spreadsheets (page containing the data information
  - File
  - User
  - Date run
  - Settings used
- allow for manipulation of row and column values (in this case, papers and codes, but the possibilities are endless)
  - Select the value to manipulate (reset should be an option)
  - Spinner/entry field to set changes (original value in label)
  - ‘Calculate’ button
  - Sorted list(s) of rows and columns. (indicate +/- change in rank)
- Reset all button
- Normalize all button
I’d like to do something with the connectivity graph. Not sure what yet.
And I think I’ll do this in JavaFX rather than Swing this time.
Huh. JavaFX Scene Builder is no longer supported by Oracle. Now it’s a Gluon project.
Documentation still seems to be at Oracle though
- JavaFX Scene Builder Overview – A high level overview of the JavaFX Scene Builder 2.0 tool
- JavaFX Scene Builder User Guide – An introduction to the user interface and features of JavaFX Scene Builder 2.0
- Getting Started with JavaFX Scene Builder – A step-by-step tutorial for creating the FXML file that defines the user interface of a simple issue tracking application
- Using JavaFX Scene Builder with Java IDEs – A tutorial that gives information about how to configure the NetBeans, Eclipse, or IntelliJ IDEs to use with Scene Builder.
Spent most of the day seeing what’s going on with the Crawl. Turns out it was bad formatting on the terms?

Phil 4.21.16

7:00 – VTX

A little more bitcoin
Installed *another* new Java 1.8.0_92
Discovered the arXiv API page. This might be very helpful. I need to dig into it a bit.
Testing ranking code. I hate to say this, but if it works I think I’m going to write *another* Swing app to check interactivity rates. Which means I need to instrument the matrix calculations for timing.

Ok, the rank table is consistent across all columns. In my test code, the eigenvector stabilizes after 5 iterations:

initial
 , col1, col2, col3, col4,
row1, 11, 21, 31, 41,
row2, 12, 22, 32, 42,
row3, 13, 23, 33, 43,

derived
, row1, row2, row3, col1, col2, col3, col4,
row1, 1, 0, 0, 0.26, 0.49, 0.72, 0.95,
row2, 0, 1, 0, 0.28, 0.51, 0.74, 0.98,
row3, 0, 0, 1, 0.3, 0.53, 0.77, 1,
col1, 0.26, 0.28, 0.3, 1, 0, 0, 0,
col2, 0.49, 0.51, 0.53, 0, 1, 0, 0,
col3, 0.72, 0.74, 0.77, 0, 0, 1, 0,
col4, 0.95, 0.98, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1,

rank
, row1, row2, row3, col1, col2, col3, col4,
row1, 0.61, 0.62, 0.64, 0.22, 0.41, 0.59, 0.78,
row2, 0.62, 0.65, 0.67, 0.23, 0.42, 0.61, 0.8,
row3, 0.64, 0.67, 0.69, 0.24, 0.43, 0.63, 0.83,
col1, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.08, 0.15, 0.22, 0.29,
col2, 0.41, 0.42, 0.43, 0.15, 0.27, 0.4, 0.52,
col3, 0.59, 0.61, 0.63, 0.22, 0.4, 0.58, 0.76,
col4, 0.78, 0.8, 0.83, 0.29, 0.52, 0.76, 1,

EigenVec
row1, 1, 0.71, 0.62, 0.61, 0.61, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
row2, 0, 0.46, 0.61, 0.62, 0.62, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
row3, 0, 0.48, 0.63, 0.64, 0.64, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
col1, 0.26, 0.13, 0.21, 0.22, 0.22, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
col2, 0.49, 0.25, 0.38, 0.41, 0.41, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
col3, 0.72, 0.37, 0.55, 0.59, 0.59, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
col4, 0.95, 0.49, 0.73, 0.78, 0.78, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,

And after a lot of banging away, here’s my lit review in PageRank:
And here’s the difference between PageRank and sorting based on number of quotes:
Page Rank
P85: Technology Humanness and Trust-Rethinking Trust in Technology.pdf
System Trust
Social Trust
P61: A Survey on Assessment and Ranking Methodologies for User-Generated Content on the Web.pdf
P84: What is Trust_ A Conceptual Analysis–AMCIS-2000.pdf
P 1: Social Media and Trust during the Gezi Protests in Turkey.pdf
Credibility Cues
P13: The Egyptian Blogosphere.pdf
P10: Sensing_And_Shaping_Emerging_Conflicts.pdf
P82: The ‘like me’ framework for recognizing and becoming an intentional agent.pdf
Sorted from most to least quotes
P61: A Survey on Assessment and Ranking Methodologies for User-Generated Content on the Web.pdf
P13: The Egyptian Blogosphere.pdf
P10: Sensing_And_Shaping_Emerging_Conflicts.pdf
P85: Technology Humanness and Trust-Rethinking Trust in Technology.pdf
P 5: Saracevic_relevance_75.pdf
P 1: Social Media and Trust during the Gezi Protests in Turkey.pdf
P77: The Law of Group Polarization.pdf
P43: On the Accuracy of Media-based Conflict Event Data.pdf
System Trust
P37: Security-control methods for statistical databases – a comparative study.pdf

Phil 4.20.16

7:00 – 4:00 VTX

Read a little more of the BitCoin article. Nice description of the blockchain.
Generated a fresh Excel matrix of codes and papers. I excluded the ‘meta’ codes (Definitions, Methods, etc) and all the papers that have zero quotes
Duke Ellington & His Orchestra make great coding music.
Installed new Java
Well drat. I can’t increase the size of an existing matrix. Will have to return a new one.

Yay!

FileUtils.getInputFileName() opening: mat1.xls
initial
 , col1, col2, col3, col4, 
row1, 11.0, 21.0, 31.0, 41.0, 
row2, 12.0, 22.0, 32.0, 42.0, 
row3, 13.0, 23.0, 33.0, 43.0, 
done calculating
done creating
derived
 , row1, row2, row3, col1, col2, col3, col4, 
row1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 11.0, 21.0, 31.0, 41.0, 
row2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 12.0, 22.0, 32.0, 42.0, 
row3, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 13.0, 23.0, 33.0, 43.0, 
col1, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 
col2, 21.0, 22.0, 23.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 
col3, 31.0, 32.0, 33.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 
col4, 41.0, 42.0, 43.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,

Need to set Identity and other housekeeping.
Added ‘normalizeByMatrix that sets the entire matrix on a unit scale
Need to have a calcRank function that squares and normalizes until the difference between output eigenvectors are below a certain threshold or a limit of iterations. Done?

Phil 4.14.16

7:00 – 3:30 VTX

Continuing The ‘like me’ framework for recognizing and becoming an intentional agent
Page 2: Perception influences production, and production influences perception, with substantial implications for social cognition.
- This must be a foundational element of Social Trust. I see you do a thing. I imitate the thing. I feel (not think!) that it is the same thing. I do a thing. You imitate the thing. Think peekaboo. We establish a rapport. This is different from System Trust, where I put something somewhere and it’s still there. System trust may be derived fundamentally from Object Permanence, while Social Trust comes from imitation?
- This is(?) tied to motor neurons. From Mirror neurons: Enigma of the metaphysical modular brain: Essentially, mirror neurons respond to actions that we observe in others. The interesting part is that mirror neurons fire in the same way when we actually recreate that action ourselves.
  - Implications for design? Journalism is definitely built around the ‘like me’ concept that it is built around stories. IR is much less so, and is more data focused.
- At section 3 – Experiment 1: learning tool-use by observing others
  - We have Social Trust first. Then we learn to use tools. Tools are different from, though related to the environment. They are not ‘like me’, but they extend me (Heidegger again). More later.
Page 3: For example, there is an intimate relation between striving to achieve a goal and a concomitant facial expression and effortful bodily acts.
- This is like the boot loader or initial dictionary entry. Hard-wired common vocabulary.
Page 3: Humans, including preverbal infants, imbue the acts of others with felt meaning not solely (or at first) through a formal process of step-by-step reasoning, but because the other is processed as ‘like me.’ This is underwritten by the way humans represent action—the supramodal action code—and self experience
- So is there a ‘more like me’ and ‘less like me’?
Meeting with Wayne this evening
- Go over notes
- Coding session
——————
Check to see that reports are being made correctly
- Fix “Get all rated” Numerous issues, including strings with commas
- Fix “Get Match Counts” all zeros
- Fix “Get No Match Counts” redundent
- Change “Get Blacklist (CSV)” to “Black/White list (CSV)
- Add “Get Whitelist (Google CSE)
- Change the Sets in getBlack/Whitelist to use maps rather than sets so blacklist culling can be used with more informative rows.
Update remote DB and test a few pages. Ran into a problem with LONGTEXT and Postgress. Went back to TEXT
Went over Aaron’s ASB slides a couple of times. Introduced him to Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Present new system to Andy, Margarita and John. Tomorrow…

Phil 4.5.16

7:00 – 4:30 VTX

Had a good discussion with Patrick yesterday. He’s approaching his wheelchair work from a Heideggerian framework, where the controls may be present-at-hand or ready-to-hand. I think those might be frameworks that apply to non-social systems (Hammers, Excel, Search), while social systems more align with being-with. The evaluation of trustworthiness is different. True in a non-social sense is a property of exactness; a straightedge may be true or out-of-true. In a social sense, true is associated with a statement that is in accordance with reality.
While reading Search Engine Agendas in Communications of the ACM, I came upon a mention of Frank Pasquale, who wrote an article on the regulation of Search, given its impact (Federal Search Commission? Access, Fairness, and Accountability in the Law of Search). The point of Search Engine Agendas is that the ranking of political candidates affects people’s perception of them (higher is better) This ties into my thoughts from March 29th. That there are situations where the idea of ordering among pertinent documents may be problematic and further that how users might interact with the ordering process might be instructive.
Continuing Technology, Humanness, and Trust: Rethinking Trust in Technology.
————————
Added the sites Andy and Margarita found to the blacklist and updated the repo
Theresa has some sites too – in process.
Finished my refactoring party – more debugging than I was expecting
Converted the Excela spreadsheet to JSON and read the whole thing in. Need to do that just for a subsample now.
Added a request from Andy about creating a JSON object for the comments in the flag dismissal field.
Worked with Gregg about setting up the postgres db.

Phil 4.1.16

7:15 – 4:15 VTX

Had a bunch of paperwork to do for my folks. All handled now?
Continuing What is Trust? A Conceptual Analysis and An Interdisciplinary Model. Done
- Disposition to Trust. This construct means the extent to which one displays a consistent tendency to be willing to depend on general others across a broad spectrum of situations and persons
  - a general propensity to be willing to depend on others.
  - does not necessarily imply that one believes others to be trustworthy
  - only has a major effect on one’s trust-related behavior when novel
    situations arise, in which the person and situation are unfamiliar
  - Disposition to Trust has two subconstructs, Faith in Humanity and Trusting Stance
    - Faith in Humanity means one assumes others are usually upright, well-meaning, and dependable.
    - Trusting Stance means that, regardless of what one assumes about other people generally, one assumes that one will achieve better outcomes by dealing with people as though they are well-meaning and reliable
  - Because Faith in Humanity relates to assumptions about peoples’ attributes, it is more likely to be an antecedent to Trusting Beliefs (in people) than is Trusting Stance. Trusting Stance may relate more to Trusting Intention, which, depending on the situation, is probably not based wholly on beliefs about the other person.
- Institution-based Trust means one believes the needed conditions are in place to enable one to anticipate a successful outcome in an endeavor or aspect of one’s life
  - This construct comes from the sociology tradition that people can rely on others because of structures, situations, or roles that provide assurances (Affordances???) that things will go well
  - Institution-based Trust has two subconstructs, Structural Assurance and Situational Normality.
    - Structural Assurance means one believes that success is likely because guarantees, contracts, regulations, promises, legal recourse, processes, or procedures are in place that assure success
    - Situational Normality means one believes that success is likely because the situation is normal or favorable. (I think that this comes from very primitive parts of our brains. It can be observed in many animals and may be one of those things that separates infant and adult behavior. If you trust too much, you are likely to get eaten..?)
      - Situational Normality means that a properly ordered setting is likely to facilitate a successful venture. When one believes one’s role and others’ roles in the situation are appropriate and conducive to success, then one has a basis for trusting the people in the situation.
      - likely related to Trusting Beliefs and Trusting Intention. A system developer who feels good about the roles and setting in which they work is likely to have Trusting Beliefs about the people in that setting.
- Trusting Beliefs means one believes (and feels confident in believing) that the other person has one or more traits desirable to one in a situation in which negative consequences are possible.
  - We distinguish four main trusting belief subconstructs, while recognizing that others exist.
    - Trusting Belief-Competence means one believes the other person has the ability or power to do for one what one needs done.
    - Trusting Belief-Benevolence means one believes the other person cares about one and is motivated to act in one’s interest. A benevolent person does not act opportunistically.
    - Trusting Belief-Integrity means one believes the other person makes good faith agreements, tells the truth, and fulfills promises
    - Trusting Belief-Predictability means one believes the other person’s actions (good or bad) are consistent enough that one can forecast them in a given situation
- Trusting Intention means one is willing to depend on, or intends to depend on, the other person in a given task or situation with a feeling of relative security, even though negative consequences are possible
  - Trusting intention subconstructs include Willingness to Depend and Subjective Probability of Depending.
    - Willingness to Depend means one is volitionally prepared to make oneself vulnerable to the other person in a situation by relying on them.
    - Subjective Probability of Depending means the extent to which one forecasts or predicts that one will depend on the other person.
  - Trusting Intention definitions embody five elements synthesized from the trust literature.
    1. The possibility of negative consequences or risk is what makes trust important but problematic.
    2. A readiness to depend or rely on another is central to trusting intention.
    3. A feeling of security means one feels safe, assured, and comfortable (not anxious or fearful) about the prospect of depending on another. Feelings of security reflect the affective side of trusting intention.
    4. Trusting intention is situation-specific.(???? why? Examples?)
    5. Trusting intention involves willingness that is not based on having control or power over the other party. Note that Trusting Intention relates well to the system development power literature because we define it in terms of dependence and control.
- Another limitation relates to Whetten’s (1989) recommendation that Who and Where conditions should be placed around models. Whereas we have assumed that the model applies to any kind of relationship between two people (Who) in any situation (Where), this may not be the case. Empirical research is needed to better define the boundary conditions of the model.
Starting Technology, Humanness, and Trust: Rethinking Trust in Technology, also by D. Harrison McKnight
- Page 881 (Basic?) Social Trust: human-like trust constructs of integrity, ability/competence, and benevolence that researchers have traditionally used to measure interpersonal trust.
- Page 881 (Basic?) System Trust: system-like trust constructs such as reliability,
  functionality, and helpfulness
- Page 881. First, we hypothesize that technologies can differ in humanness. Second, we predict that users will develop trust in the technology differently depending on whether they perceive it as more or less human-like, which will result in human-like trust having a stronger. influence on outcomes for more human-like technologies and system-like trust having a stronger influence on outcomes for more system-like technologies. (Cite Kate Bush Deeper Understanding 1989)
- Here’s the beginning of a thought: What is self-trust? Just thinking about it, it seems to be a sense of the reliability of my future self to do what my present self desires. That’s different from Social Trust, which in the literature is more about integrity, competence and benevolence. It seems closer to system trust in that reliability and functionality are more significant. There are things that I trust that I will do tomorrow: Get up, go to work, exercise if the weather is good enough. But there are also things that I can’t trust myself to do. My future self will almost certainly eat more calories than my current self desires. My grocery shopping behaviors are based around this lack of trust. There are items that I do not bring into my house because I know that they will get eaten (I was going to write that I know that my will is weak around chocolate, but that’s not really it. Or at least, that’s not all of it, or maybe even most of it..). Because (interactive?) information technology is more like a self-amplifier, I wonder if what we think of system trust can be thought of as the trust in ourselves, but the part of ourselves that is more reliable and trustworthy. A search tomorrow will work as well as a search today. Maybe better. And the effectiveness of that search reflect somehow my ability to interact effectively with the external world? This is starting to sound a lot my point of view that living a life in prolonged contact with a compiler changes you in profound ways.
- So what would that mean? I think it’s a reasonable hypothesis to change search results from focusing on pertinence to revelation. This does not mean that the ‘Ten Blue Links’ need to go away. But it does imply that peripheral information could be just as important, so that a less casually polarized worldview might be developed.
Finishing up the CSE version control setup – need to write up the process for confluence – done.
Since I need to be able to now read in the Excella data, I was going to look to Gregg’s ontology as a way to determine the table structure. But it’s way too big and nested. In a Person’s description includes a reference to a complete organization, activities, charges, arrests, and it doesn’t even have room for nice things yet (will we have co-authors?). Anyway, To avoid this, I’m going to have basic person characteristics with an associated StringMaps, NumMaps and DateMaps. Anything that’s not recognized as a column gets added to that. Need to see how persistence will work with that in some testing first.
Got the code working. JPA 2 says you should be able to build a map entirely without annotations, but I couldn’t get it to work. Modified JsonLoadable so that it goes through the Json Object and anything that is not a member of the current class is added to HashMaps of PoiOptionalStrings. It should be very straightforward to extend to number and date types. Probably worth doing?

Phil 3.11.16

8:00 – VTX

Created new versions of the Friday crawl scheduler, one for GOV, one for ORG.
The gap between inaccurate viral news stories and the truth is 13 hours, based on this paper: Hoaxy – A Platform for Tracking Online Misinformation
Here’s a rough list on why UGC stored in a graph might be the best way to handle the BestPracticesService.
- Self generating, self correcting information using incentivized contributions (every time a page you contributed to is used, you get money/medals/other…)
- Graph database, maybe document elements rather than documents
  BPS has its own network, but it connects to doctors and possibly patients (anonymized?) and their symptoms.
- Would support Results-driven medicine from a variety of interesting dimensions. For example we could calculate the best ‘route’ from symptoms to treatment using A*. Conversely, we could see how far from the optimal some providers are.
- Because it’s UGC, there can be a robust mechanism for keeping information current (think Wikipedia) as well as handling disputes
- Could be opened up as its own diagnostic/RDM tool.
- A graph model allows for easy determination of provenience.
- A good paper to look at: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/6/2/492/htm. One of the social sites it looked at was Medscape, which seems to be UGC
Got the new Rating App mostly done. Still need to look into inbound links
Updated the blacklists on everything

Phil 2.25.16

7:00 – 5:00 VTX

Thinking more about the economics of contributing trustworthy information. Recently, I’ve discovered the PBS Idea Channel, which is a show that explores pop culture with a philosophical bent (LA Times review here). For example, Deadpool is explored from a phenomenology perspective. But what’s really interesting and seems unique to me is the relationship of the show with its commenters. For each show, there is a follow-on show where the most interesting comments are discussed by the host, Mike Rugnetta. And the comments are surprisingly cogent and good. I think that this is because Rugnetta is acting like the anchor of an interactive news program where the commenters are the reporters. He sets up the topic, gets the ball rolling, and then incorporates the best comments (stories) to wrap up the story. Interestingly, in a recent comment section on aesthetic (which I can’t find now?), he brings up a comment that about science and philosophy and invites the commenter into a deeper discussion and also discusses the potential of an episode about that.
To get a flavor, here’s one of the longer comments (with 25 replies on its own) from the Deadpool show:
TasteDatRainbow1 week ago

I could actually buy that DeadPool’s ability to understand the medium he’s in if it weren’t for one thing he does very often: references to our world. If his fourth wall breaks were limited to interacting with the panels, making quips and nods about the idea of “readers”, and joking about general comic book (or video game or movie) tropes, then I’d be on board with the idea that he is hyper-aware due to his constant physical torment and knowledge of his own perceptions. however, he somehow has knowledge of things that do not seem to exist in the world he inhabits, such as memes, pop culture references, and things like “Leeroy Jenkins”. His hypersensitivity can explain his knowledge of the medium he’s in (an integral part of the reality he inhabits), but I don’t see a way that it could explain him knowing about things that, as far as I’m aware, do not exist in his reality.
Compare that to the comments for the MIT opencourseware intro to MIT 6.034, which I ‘took’ and found well presented and deeply interesting, though not as flashy. Here’s a rough equivalent (with 21 replies):
DroidSage1 year ago

wow ..it’s such an overwhelming feeling for a guy like me ..who had no chance in hell of ever getting into MIT or any other ivy’s to be able to listen and learn from this lectures online and that too free. :’)
To me, it seems like the Deadpool post is deeply involved with the subject matter of the episode, while the MIT comment is more typical of a YouTube comment in that it is more about the commenter and less about the content. This does imply that working on providing value to good commenting through inclusion in the content of the show can improve the quality and relevance of the comments.
To continue the ‘News Anchor’ thought from above, it might be possible to structure a news entity of some kind where different areas (sports, entertainment, local/regional, etc) could have their own anchors that produce interactive content with their commenters. Some additional capability to handle multimedia uploads from commenters should probably be supported and better navigation, but this sounds more to me like a 21st century news product than many other things that I’ve seen. It’s certainly the opposite of the Sweden paper.
And speaking of papers, here’s one on YouTube comments: Commenting on YouTube Videos: From Guatemalan Rock to El Big Bang
Starting on Incentivizing High-quality User-Generated Content.
- References look really good. Only 8? For a WWW paper?
- This is starting to look like what I was trying to find. Nash Equilibrium. Huh. The model predicts, as observed in practice, that if exposure is independent of quality, there will be a ﬂood of low quality contributions in equilibrium. An ideal mechanism in this context would elicit both high quality and high participation in equilibrium.
Need to add ‘change password’ option. Done. And now that I know my way around JPA, I like it a lot
Added role-based enabling of menu choices
The code base could really use a cleanup. We have the classic research->production problem…
Adding match/nomatch and blacklist queries. Note that blacklist needs to be by search engine
- Finished match
- Finished nomatch
- Working on Blacklist
- Create a loop that changes all the QueryObjects so that qo.getUnquotedName() is used and persist.

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